1、 Technical mechanism: The single well huff and puff treatment of microorganism is to introduce selective microorganism into the formation through production wells, grow and breed in the formation, degrade paraffin in crude oil; produce various biosurfactants such as fatty acid, glycolipid and lipoid, prevent crystal growth, reduce deposition of heavy components such as wax, asphalt and gum; form protective film on the surface of metal or clay mineral by microorganism, shield crystal core , prevent crystallization, produce organic solvents such as alcohol, aldehyde and acid, enhance the dissolution of heavy components, and improve the oil-water seepage channel. It is one of the effective means to solve the problem of low production and low efficiency in the process of production of thin oil, heavy oil or high gum asphaltene oil reservoir.   2、 Core agents: The single well microbial huff and puff agent is a yellow to brown liquid, which can be mutually soluble with water in any proportion, with a pH of 7.0-9.0. The main component is composed of microorganisms and the bioactive substances produced by their metabolism, such as biosurfactants, enzymes, organic acids, emulsifiers and other components.   3、 Technical advantages: The operation of dispensing is simple and convenient. No new equipment needs to be added on site. Green environmental protection and meet HSE requirements. People and animals are non-toxic and environmentally sound. No flammability and explosion.